Whether your feet have just touched Dutch soil or you have been living in the Netherlands for 20 years β the prospect of learning this wonderfully guttural language can be a scary one.
While you may be listening in to conversations that consist of multiple βoohβ, βghuhhβ, βagghβ sounds and thinking, βnope, never going to compute.β It is indeed possible for you to engage in a Dutch conversation. Letβs run through the basic components of a basic Dutch conversation: βhelloβ, βhow are youβ and βgoodbye!β
A language expertβs guide to basic Dutch phrases
To help you sound like a native, weβre turning to a Dutch language expert. Weβve teamed up with the wonderful Mirko from TaalBoost, a Dutch language school based in Amsterdam. Hereβs the man of the hour.


How do you say βhelloβ in Dutch?
There is this funny story about how the rather recent word “hello” came to usage in the English language. With the emergence of the telephone some 150 years ago, two rivals Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell used and promoted different ways of answering a phone call. Where Edison succeeded to put “hello” in widespread use, Bell advocated for the nautical term, “ahoy.”


The Dutch must have thought β why not both? β as nowadays the customary words used to greet someone in the Dutch language are precisely hallo and hoi. Both words can be used interchangeably, or even together.


Tip: while itβs standard to greet someone in non-formal situations by saying either hallo or hoi in Dutch, it’s not common to use those words while actually answering the phone. Most Dutchies introduce themselves by saying their (first) name immediately after they pick up a phone call. For example, I would say βmet Mirkoβ, which is short for βu spreekt met Mirkoβ (meaning βyou are speaking with Mirko.β)
Casual ways to say “hello” in Dutch
Hoi is an informal greeting. When addressing more people at the same time, one would generally say βhoi allemaalβ or βhallo allemaalβ β which is Dutch for βhi yβall.β Other informal ways of saying hello are hΓ© (pronounced as hey), hai (pronounced as hi) and ha.
Luckily, most daily encounters are also informal encounters in the Netherlands β unless you are talking with a person much older than you, a civil servant, or a member of the royal family (but who knows, maybe youβll stumble across King Willem-Alexander one day in the Westerpark.)
Formal ways to say “hello” in Dutch
Should you find yourself face to face with a royal family member, it is best to remember that in a formal situation, you are not expected to use hoi or any other greeting mentioned so far. To be on the safe side, use goedemiddag (meaning good afternoon), goedemorgen (good morning) or goedenavond (good evening) β depending on the time of day.
A shortened version of goedemiddag is dag, which can be used both formally and informally. If you feel like tipping your hat and curtseying more often, βdag meneerβ (meaning good day sir) or βdag mevrouw,β (good day madam) are a common way of addressing people formally.
Seven ways to say “hello” in Dutch
How do you ask βhow are youβ in Dutch?
That world-famous Dutch directness is surprisingly absent when it comes to asking someone how theyβre doing. In Dutch, you donβt actually ask the person how they are, but how things are going, or how life is generally. This is conveyed by three words: βhoe gaat hetβ (how is it going) or βhoe is hetβ (how is life/how are things).
βHoe gaat hetβ β three words for a variety of situations
Although the right pronunciation of βhoe gaat hetβ can be somewhat of a challenge, the usage of these three words is fixed and used across the board: whether you are addressing one person or multiple persons, in formal or informal situations, speaking to a person directly or referring to someone else β itβs always βhoe gaat het.β
If you need to be more specific, and sometimes you do, then youβll glue an additional met to the original question, followed by the person you are referring to. For example: βhoe gaat het met je?β (how are things with you?), βhoe gaat het met je familie?β (how are things with your family?) and βhoe gaat het met Joost?β (how are things with Joost?)
βHoe gaat het?β is an open question. That means that you can answer anything in the wide range from uitstekend (outstanding) to verschrikkelijk (terrible). But beware, the phrase is a conversation starter or a useful small talk tool β people arenβt actually expecting you to share your deepest, darkest worries.
βAlles goed?β An essential Dutch phrase β simple to both ask and answer
You can avoid the open question, and ask whether things are going well by posing a closed question instead. Closed questions just need a mere ja (yes) or nee (no) as an answer β perfect for the sprouting beginner! Youβll find that these questions always start with alles and end with a raised intonation of the last word to make it sound like a question phrase: βalles goed?β, βalles okΓ©?β and the more informal βalles lekker?β and βalles kits?β
If youβre looking for a more adventurous variation thereβs also βalles Gucci?β (a popular phrase amongst the current generation of slang users). Another popular way of asking how someone is in slang is βfawakaβ β borrowed from Sranantongo, one of the official languages of Suriname.
Seven ways to ask βhow are you?β in Dutch
Still following? Great β now letβs listen over some of this new vocab! Here are seven ways to say βhow are you?β in Dutch.
How do you say “goodbye” in Dutch?
The routine way of saying goodbye in Dutch is βtot ziensβ, which literally means βuntil we see each otherβ and best of all, it can be used in practically any situation. I love the hopefulness and optimism contained by these two words as they imply that you will be seeing the other person again.
The more archaic variety of βtot ziensβ would be βtot weerziensβ (meaning, until we see each other again), while a more casual version would be βtot kijkβ (same meaning.)
But letβs face it, nowadays it would be more applicable to say something along the lines of βwe bellenβ (weβll phone), βwe mailenβ (weβll email), or βwe appenβ (weβll text).


Starting your goodbye with tot and then adding a timeframe to it would still be the most usual and a very productive way of parting ways. Donβt worry, you can still be non-specific if you like: βtot de volgende keerβ (until the next time) or βtot snelβ (until soon.)
How to say βgoodbyeβ in Dutch β time specific
However, if you are one of those people who actually know what they will be doing a couple of hours/days/weeks into the future β like many Dutchies do β you can be more specific: βtot vanavond,β (until tonight) βtot morgenβ (until tomorrow), βtot volgende weekβ (until next week), βtot straksβ (until later) and βtot zoβ (see you soon.)
A common confusion among fresh (and some seasoned) Dutch language learners is the meaning of straks or zo in Dutch. Although they would be translated as soon, in Dutch they are a very specific kind of soon β between ten minutes and three hours from now β better translated as the phrases βin a bit/while.β
How to formally say goodbye in Dutch
Just like goedemiddag can be used to formally say hello, it can also be used to say goodbye, but only in an extremely formal setting. Aside from the news anchors saying it at the end of the news (itβs that formal), Iβve never heard anyone under the age of 70 say goedemiddag or goedenavond when leaving in real life.
How most people say “goodbye” in Dutch
What you are much more likely to hear β basically from any cashier at a supermarket or at any store β is βfijne dag,β βfijne avondβ or βfijn weekend,β meaning βhave a nice day/evening/weekend.β
By the same token, you can use dag to say both hello and goodbye. The word is technically formal but there are ways to dress it down a bit. For example, you could double it as dag-dag, or you could transform it to doeg and finally doei. The word doei is by far the most common way of saying goodbye in an informal setting. Other informal ways of saying goodbye are later(s) and (a personal favourite) β joe.
Finally, out of all three phrases β βhelloβ, βhow are youβ and βgoodbyeβ β saying goodbye has by far the vastest regional differences. In the province of Gelderland it is common to say ajuu(s), in North-Brabant houdoe, in Limburg and in the Randstad metropole area (especially Amsterdam and Rotterdam) it is not uncommon to hear de mazzel β a word borrowed from the Yiddish and Hebrew saying, mazel tov β which means good luck!
Seven ways to say “goodbye” in Dutch
Congratulations, youβve navigated a basic conversation! Now letβs listen over seven ways to bring it to a close and say goodbye.
Keep the conversation going!
Hungry for more Dutch conversation? Great! There are many ways that you can learn to master the Dutch language. Whether you want to tell your housemate about that weird dream you had last night or talk back when someone gets sassy with you in the cycle lane, the best way to improve your Dutch skills is to enrol yourself in a TaalBoost language course.
Meet Mirko
Being a non-native himself, who first came into contact with the Dutch language as an adult, he translates his experience and knowledge in the TaalBoostβs approach: how the Dutch language can be learned most effectively.
He is doing this together with a team of top-notch Dutch language teachers. When he is not at work, you will find Mirko at his happiest in the kitchen, or at Westerpark if itβs not raining.
Learn Dutch with TaalBoost
Online TaalBoost Dutch language courses are the ultimate solution for interactive, engaging, teacher-guided and feedback-driven Dutch language learning, at all proficiency levels. Level up your Dutch during a TaalBoost Dutch language course:
- 6-week online evening Dutch courses:Β www.taalboost.nl/eveningΒ
- 6-week online day Dutch courses:Β www.taalboost.nl/dayΒ
- 10-week online Saturday Dutch courses:Β www.taalboost.nl/saturdayΒ Sign up directly:Β www.taalboost.nl/registration
Did you know all these Dutch phrases? What other fun conversation starters can you think of? Let us know some of your favourite Dutch vocab in the comments below!
Feature Image: Priscilla du Preez/Unsplash
Editor’s Note: This article was originally published in January 2021, but was fully updated in January 2022 for your reading pleasure.